Oxyacetylene welding-torch



F. W, SMITH.

OXYACETYLENE WELDING TORCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1919.

1,365,796; Patented Jan. 18,1921.

d Q Q InVe/ziar by 4' Allorzzeys UNITED STATES PA ENT OFFICE.

EEANK w. SmITn,-oE cmxronn, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR To oxwELD ACETYLENECOMPANY, 01' NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

OXY ACETYLENE WELDING-TORCH.

To all it may concern: Be it" known thatI, FRANK W. SMITH, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Cranford', countyof Union, and State ofNew J ersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements inOxyacetylene Weldin -Torches, of which the following is a fu 1, clear,and exact description.

s This invention relates to blowpipes or torches for welding metals,especially torches using acetylene as the combustible gas. In many casesit is desirable 'to have the combustible mixture discharged in a.plurality of jets, which may burn as separate flames or may merge into asingle flame according, in general, to the arrangement of the jet or1-fice's, the velocit of the gas, etc. Heretofore, I multiple jet torcheshave been capable of use only with high pressure acetylene, primarilybecause of the impossibility of getting a neutral or non-oxidizing flamewith low pressure acetylene. On the other hand it is highly advantageousto have the-acetylene under low pressure say within a ound or so ofatmospheric, either way, an it is therefore the object of my presentinvention to provide a torch, particularly a multiplejet torch, whichwill give a neutral. flame with the acetylene under low pressure. Tothis and other ends the invention consists in the-novel features andcombinations hereinafter described.

In the course of considerable study and experiment with torches of theinjector type, that is, torches in which a jet of oxygen'issuin atrelatively high velocity ehtrains the ot er combustible gas under lowpressure into a mixing chamber or passage, I have found that in a multile-jet torch the production of a neutral ,7 ame depends largely onmaintaining the momentum of the mixture, particularly at points near theburner passages. Heretofore the gaseshave been allowed to expandsuddenly, with decrease of velocity and momentum and resultant chokingback of the low pressure gas and the consequence is that the acetyleneis not entrained in sufficient amount. The mixture delivered to thenozzle therefore contains a excess of oxy en. In its preferred form myimproved tore 'includesa mixing passa e or chamber having a portion inwhich sight expansion may "occur to permit thorough I commin'gling,;.j-'- Beyond, however, the shape and proportions aresuch that nofurther ex:

specificati on of Letters Patent. P t t Jan. 1 1 Application filed March6,

1919. Serial No. 280,945.

pansion can occur, at least not to any material extent. Indeed I preferto decrease the cross sectional area 0 the passage so that tendency Wlllbe toward an increase of veloclty of the mixture. A constructionembodying these features is illustrated in the Fig. 5 is a side view andFig. 6 is an end 'view of the burner tip.

In the form illustrated the torch comprises a tubular outer j acket orcasin 10, into the front end of which 1s screwed a tapered nozzlecarrier 11. Water for cooling purposes may be introduced by means of asupply pipe 12.

The acetylene supply pipe 13 is concentric with the outer jacket and atits forward end, near the nozzle carrier 11, it is fitted with a tubularmember 14. V The latter is connected at its rear end with the oxygensupply pipe 15. In its front end is a chamber 16 Into which the oxygennozzle 17 extends, held in place against the shoulder 18 by means of athreaded locking bushing 19. Inclined pas sages 20 are provided, throughwhich acetylene may be delivered to the injector chamber 16, saidpassages terminating preferably adjacent to the orifice of the oxygennozzle or 'et 17 he aforesaid member 14 has a forward extension 21,threaded into and su ported by a nipple 22 on a flange 23 formed on theinside of the nozzle-carrier 11. In the construction illustrated thebore of the extension 21 has a short portion, 24, next to'the injectorchamber, 16, of substantially uniform cross section, while the forwardportion 25 has an increasing cross section. The opening 26, at thecenter of the flange 23 and the flarin bore or passage 25 are In re'stry with eac other, as shown.

he forward end of the carrier 11 is ininner end of which coiiperateswith a shoulder on the rear of the nozzle 28. The latter incloses amember 29, which has its forward end coned to fit a correspondinglyshapjed seat onthe inside of the nozzle, while its rear end is seated onthe flange 23. When the gland isscrewed in, the nozzle and, the member29 are seated tightly together and the latter isseated firmly on theflange 23, as will be readily understood.

At its rear end the passage 30 in the aforesaid member 29 is in registrywith the opening 26' and is of substantially the same diameter; butbeyond, the passage narrows on one diameter and widens on the diameterat right angles thereto, forming in effect a relatively wide slot 31registering with the row of burner jet passages 32 in the nozzle.Preferably the variation of these diameters is such as to provide apassage 'of decreasing cross section, thereby causingthe stream of gasto flatten and converge toward the burner passages. The gas thereforedoes not lose momentum, and the tendency is not for the jet of oxygen tobore lts way through a'motionless or slow-moving body of acetylene,setting up eddy currents and carrying only part of the acetylene with itto the burner passages. On the contrary. if the two gases are notthoroughly com ..mingled before leagying the mixing chamber 25. and ifthe s team is in consequence richer in acetylene at 'ts sides than inthe center, the passage L31, by compelhng the stream to fiatten,-therebycausing the outer stratum of gas to converge toward and into thecentgal. portion of the stream,

, and compelling the central portion to diverge toward and into theouter stratum along another diameter, thus further mixing the two. Atthe same time the gas undergoes no sudden change of direction, itstravel being chiefly forward at all stages, with less tendency to theformation of eddy currents,and when the stream reaches the burnerpassages its velocity is substantially uniform throughout its crosssection, with the result that each passage (assuming them tobe of thesame size of bore) gets its proper proportion or share of a mixturewhich has the same proportions of oxygen and acetylene throughout. Inother words, each burner passage gets the same proportion of oxygen andthe same proportion of acety' lene.

As before stated,-the acetylene may be under low. pressure, dependingsomewhat upon the resistance it encounters, due chiefly to friction, inthe piping between the torch and the tank or other source. In,

general the pressure in the latter need not c more than a pound or so(per square inch) greater than atmospheric and may even be less thanatmospheric.

iaearee The preferred type of burner nozzle is shown in detail in Figs.1, 5 and 6. Its outer end is cut away on opposite sides to form a narrowtongue which may be stepped, as shown, to give the end of the flame ortheseries of flames a correspond ing slant. Stepsfor three jets areshown in Fig. l and four in Figs. 5 and (3.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to theconstruction herein specifically described but can be embodied in otherforms without departure from its spirit. Nor is it limited to usewithan-etylene, though that gas is preferred.

I claim 1. In a multiple jet oxyacetylene torch, in combination, a.burner nozzle having a plurality of burner jets, an oxygen injector jetand a pipe for conveying acetylene thereto, and means for supplying toeach burner rality of burner jets, in the same plane,

oxygen and acetylene supply pipes, and means including a passage freefrom abrupt changes of cross sectional area extending from the saidpipes to the burner jets for mixing the gases andconverging the mixtureinto the plane of the burner jets.

3. In a multiple jet oxyacetylene torch, in combination, a burner nozzlehaving a plurality of burner jets in the same plane, oxygen andacetylene supply pipes, and means between said pipes and the burnerjets, having a smooth bore gas-mixing and conducting passage extendingfrom the supply pipes to the burner jets, the forward portion of saidpassage being flattened gradually to a slot-shaped orifice in the planeof the burner jets for completing the mixing of the gases and supplylngthe mixture in uniform proper proportions to the burner ets. V

4-. In a multiple-jet oxyacetylene torch, in combination, a burnernozzle having aplurality of burner jets in the same plane, an

oxygen in ectoret, means for delivering acetylene to the injector-jetfor entrainment by the oxygen discharged therefrom, a gasmixing andconveying tube extending from the injector-jet toward the burner nozzle,

, to the other to form at the forward end a transverse slot in the andmeans for mixing the gases and delivering the same to the burner jetsincluding a member provided with a longitudinal passage flattenedforwardly on one diameter and widened on the diameter at right angles tothe other to form a discharge orifice in the form of a transverse slotin the of the burner i'ets.

6. In a mu tiple-'et oxyacetylene torch, in combination, a hollownozzle-carrier havin an internal inwardly extending flange, a orwardlyextending gas-mixing and conplane ing a longitudinal opassagespreadingand flattenin to a narrow transverse slot at its veying member seated onthe flange and hav- I front en a burner nozzle inclosing the said memberand extending rearwardly into the nozzle carrier and having a pluralityof burner jets arran ed side by side in the plane of the said s 0t, anda gland threaded into the nozzle-carrier between the same and the burnernozzle and coiiperating with the latter to hold the same in'position andclamp said member between the burner nozzle and said flange.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

FRANK We SMITH

